Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980) was a French philosopher, playwright, novelist, and political activist, best known for his contributions to existentialism and phenomenology. He gained significant acclaim for his philosophical works, including "Being and Nothingness," where he explores the concepts of freedom, responsibility, and the nature of existence. Sartre famously proclaimed that "existence precedes essence," emphasizing the idea that individuals are not defined by predetermined nature but rather by their choices and actions. In addition to his philosophical pursuits, Sartre was a prolific writer, producing influential plays such as "No Exit" and novels like "Nausea." Throughout his life, he was deeply engaged in political issues, advocating for Marxism and participating in various social movements. His existentialist philosophy profoundly impacted literature, philosophy, and psychology, making him one of the 20th century's most influential thinkers.
